Here’s a practical guide on how to keep the foundation and structure of your home in good health:
1. Manage Water Around the Foundation
- Ensure proper drainage: Slope soil away from your home (about 6 inches over 10 feet).
- Clean gutters & downspouts regularly: Direct water at least 5 feet away from your foundation.
- Install or maintain French drains or surface drains if needed in heavy-rain areas.
2. Control Moisture Levels
- Avoid letting the soil dry out completely during droughts: Water the perimeter lightly to maintain consistent moisture.
- Avoid overwatering: Too much water can expand clay soil and lead to movement or heaving.
3. Fix Plumbing Leaks Promptly
- Check for leaks under the slab or around the foundation.
- Leaking pipes can cause erosion or soften soil, destabilizing the foundation.
4. Seal Cracks Early
- Inspect your foundation and walls regularly for cracks.
- Small cracks (under 1/8 inch) can be sealed with masonry caulk.
- Larger or widening cracks should be inspected by a foundation professional.
5. Maintain Consistent Landscaping
- Keep large trees and shrubs at least 10–15 feet from the foundation.
- Roots can dry out or disrupt soil, causing shifts.
- Choose plants with less aggressive root systems near the house.
6. Monitor Structural Shifts
Watch for signs like:
- Doors and windows that stick or don’t align
- Cracks in drywall or brick
- Uneven floors or gaps at baseboards
7. Schedule a Professional Foundation Inspection
- Have a specialist assess your foundation every few years—especially if you notice signs of movement or live in an area with expansive soil or frequent rain/drought cycles.
Step |
Visual Cue |
Action |
| Check drainage | Sloped soil, stable foundation line | Keep grading at 6″ drop over 10 ft; ensure gutters and downspouts are clear and pipe outlets are ≥5 ft from the foundation. |
| Inspect & seal cracks | Hairline (≤1/8″), vertical/diagonal cracks | Use masonry caulk for small ones; monitor monthly. Mark endpoints—if cracks widen or reach ≥¼″, call a foundation professional. |
| Watch for structural warning signs | Horizontal/stair-step cracks, bowing walls | These are red flags. Consult a structural engineer or foundation specialist promptly. |
| Mind your landscaping | Soil disturbance, roots near the foundation line | Water consistently during dry periods without saturating. Plant non‑aggressive shrubs ≥10 ft away. Avoid overwatering. |
Pro Tips
- After heavy rains or droughts, recheck cracks and drainage.
- Document changes with date‑stamped photos and tape markers.
- Schedule a professional inspection every few years, especially in areas prone to expansive clay soil (like Texas).